@workingpaper{Asongu2013bb,
title = {How do institutions matter in the income-equalizing effect of mobile phone penetration?},
author = {Simplice A Asongu},
editor = {African 2013 Governance and Development Institute WP/13/027},
url = {http://www.afridev.org/RePEc/agd/agd-wpaper/Institutions-mobile-phone-penetration-and-the-poor.pdf},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-09-01},
abstract = {The object of this paper is to complement theoretical ‘mobile penetration’ literature with
empirical evidence in a dual manner: on the one hand, assess the income-redistributive effect of
mobile phone penetration and; on the other hand, the instrumentality of good governance in this
nexus. Main findings suggest an equalizing income-redistributive effect, with a higher
magnitude in the presence of government quality instruments. It follows that, good governance
is a necessary condition for a higher income-equalizing effect of mobile phone penetration. The
empirical evidence which deviates from mainstream country-specific and microeconomic
survey-based approaches is on 52 African countries. ‘Mobile phone’-oriented poverty reduction
channels are also discussed.},
keywords = {Mobile Phones; Shadow Economy; Poverty; Inequality; Africa},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {workingpaper}
}

@workingpaper{Asongu2013bq,
title = {The impact of mobile phone penetration on African inequality},
author = {Simplice A Asongu},
editor = {African 2013 Governance and Development Institute WP/13/021},
url = {http://www.afridev.org/RePEc/agd/agd-wpaper/The-impact-of-mobile-phone-penetration-on-African-inequality.pdf},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-05-01},
abstract = {Purpose – The aim of this paper is to complement theoretical and qualitative literature with
empirical evidence on the income-redistributive effect of mobile phone penetration in 52
African countries.
Design/methodology/approach – Robust Ordinary Least Squares and Two Stage Least
Squares empirical strategies are employed.
Findings – The findings suggest that mobile penetration is pro-poor, as it has a positive income
equality effect.
Social implications – ‘Mobile phone’-oriented poverty reduction channels are discussed.
Originality/value – It deviates from mainstream country-specific and microeconomic surveybased
approaches in the literature and provides the first macroeconomic assessment of the
‘mobile phone’-inequality nexus.},
keywords = {Mobile Phones; Shadow Economy; Poverty; Inequality; Africa},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {workingpaper}
}