@workingpaper{Asongu2012bn,
title = {Fighting corruption when existing corruption-control levels count : what do wealth effects tell us?},
author = {Simplice A Asongu},
editor = {African 2012 Governance and Development Institute WP/12/013},
url = {http://www.afridev.org/RePEc/agd/agd-wpaper/Fighting-corruption-when-existing-corruption-levels-count.-What-do-wealth-effects-tell-us.pdf},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-05-01},
abstract = {Why are some nations more effective at battling corruption than others? Are there
different determinants in the fight against corruption across developing nations? How do wealth
effects play-out when existing corruption-control levels matter in the corruption battle? To
investigate these concerns we examine the determinants of corruption-control throughout the
conditional distribution of the fight against corruption. The following broad findings are
established. (1) Population growth is a(an) tool(impediment) in(to) the fight against corruption in
Low(Middle) income countries. (2) Democracy increases (decreases) corruption-control in
Middle(Low) income countries. As a policy implication, blanket corruption-control strategies are
unlikely to succeed equally across countries with different income-levels and political wills in
the fight against corruption. Thus to be effective, corruption policies should be contingent on the
prevailing levels of corruption-control and income-bracket.},
keywords = {Corruption; Democracy; Government quality; Quantile regression; Africa},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {workingpaper}
}

@workingpaper{Asongu2012bw,
title = {Fighting corruption in Africa: do existing corruption-control levels matter?},
author = {Simplice A Asongu},
editor = {African 2012 Governance and Development Institute WP/12/012},
url = {http://www.afridev.org/RePEc/agd/agd-wpaper/Fighting-corruption-in-Africa.-Do-existing-corruption-control-levels-matter.pdf},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-02-01},
abstract = {Purpose – Are there different determinants in the fight against corruption across African
countries? Why are some countries more effective at battling corruption than others? To assess
these concerns we examine the determinants of corruption-control throughout the conditional
distribution of the fight against corruption using panel data from 46 African countries for the
period 2002-2010.
Design/methodology/approach – The panel quantile regression technique enables us to
investigate if the relationship between corruption-control and the exogenous variables differs
throughout the distribution of the fight against corruption.
Findings – Results could be summarized in the following. (1) Greater economic prosperity
leads to less corruption-control and the magnitude of the effect is more important in countries
where the fight against corruption is high. (2) Regulation quality seems bimodal, with less
positive effects in the tails: among the best and least fighters of corruption. (3) There is support
for a less negative consequence of population growth in countries that are already taking the
fight against corruption seriously in comparison to those that are lax on the issue. (4) Findings on
democracy broadly indicate the democratization process increases the fight against corruption
with a greater magnitude at higher quantiles: countries that are already taking the fight seriously.
(5) The relevance of voice and accountability in the battle against corruption decreases as
corruption-control is taking more seriously by the powers that be. (6) Good governance
dynamics of political stability, government effectiveness and the rule of law gain more
importance in the fight against corruption when existing levels of corruption-control are already
high.
Social implications – Our results suggest that the determinants of corruption-control respond
differently across the corruption-control distribution. This implies some current corruptioncontrol
policies may be reconsidered, especially among the most corrupt and least corrupt
African nations. As a policy implication, the fight against corruption should not be postponed,
doing so will only reduce the effectiveness of policies in the future. The rewards of institutional
reforms are more positive in countries that are already seriously engaged in the corruption fight.
Originality/value – This paper contributes to existing literature on the determinants of
corruption by focusing on the distribution of the dependent variable(control of corruption). It is
likely that good and poor corruption fighters respond differently to factors that influence the
fight against corruption. There are subtle institutional differences between corrupt and clean
nations that may affect corruption-control determinants and government efficacy in the fight
against corruption.},
keywords = {Corruption; Democracy; Government quality; Quantile regression; Africa},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {workingpaper}
}

@workingpaper{Asongu2012bx,
title = {Fighting corruption with cultural dynamics: when legal-origins, religiousinfluences and existing corruption-control levels matter},
author = {Simplice A Asongu},
editor = {African 2012 Governance and Development Institute WP/12/015},
url = {http://www.afridev.org/RePEc/agd/agd-wpaper/Fighting-corruption-with-cultural-dynamics-when-existing-corruption-control-levels-matter.pdf},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-02-01},
abstract = {Are there different determinants in the fight against corruption across developing
countries? Why are some countries more effective at battling corruption than others? To
investigate these concerns we examine the determinants of corruption-control throughout the
conditional distribution of the fight against corruption using panel data from 46 African countries
for the period 2002-2010. Our findings demonstrate that blanket corruption-control policies are
unlikely to succeed equally across countries with different legal-traditions, religious-influences
and political wills in the fight against corruption. Thus to be effective, corruption policies should
be contingent on the prevailing levels of corruption-control and tailored differently across the
best and worst corruption-fighting countries especially with respect to democracy, population
growth and economic prosperity.},
keywords = {Corruption; Democracy; Government quality; Quantile regression; Africa},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {workingpaper}
}